Neuroscience Bite: The Brain Stem

The Brain Stem

The brain stem plays a key role in controlling basic body functions such as balance, blood pressure, breathing, facial sensations, hearing, heart rhythms, and swallowing.

The brain stem consists of three primary structures - the Midbrain, the Pons, and the Medulla Oblongata.

The Midbrain is crucial for controlling eye movements.

The Pons controls facial movements, hearing, and balance.

The Medulla Oblongata controls breathing, heart rhythms, blood pressure, and swallowing.

The Brain Stem also contains the Reticular Activating System which governs your sleep and wake cycles.